init (tcp, udp, ws)

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 [package]
-name = "wstcp"
+name = "wsudp"
 version = "0.1.0"
 edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
-futures-util = "0.3.31"
+futures-util = "0.3.32"
-tokio = { version = "1.45.1", features = ["macros", "net", "rt", "time"] }
+rustls = { version = "0.23.38", default-features = false, features = ["ring"] }
-tokio-tungstenite = "0.26.2"
+tokio = { version = "1.52.0", features = ["macros", "net", "rt", "time"] }
+tokio-tungstenite = { version = "0.29.0", features = ["rustls-tls-native-roots"] }
+warp = { version = "0.4.2", features = ["websocket", "server"] }

src/args.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+use crate::routes::Prot;
+
+pub struct Args {
+    pub verbosity: u8,
+    pub binds: Vec<Bind>,
+}
+
+pub struct Ref {
+    pub spec: String,
+}
+pub struct Bind {
+    pub spec: String,
+    pub id: Option<(Prot, usize)>,
+    pub prot: String,
+    pub arg: String,
+    pub wires: Vec<Result<Wire, Ref>>,
+}
+pub struct Wire {
+    pub spec: String,
+    pub prot: String,
+    pub arg: String,
+}
+
+pub fn args() -> Result<Args, String> {
+    let mut binds = Vec::new();
+    let mut verbosity = 0u8;
+    let mut args = std::env::args().skip(1);
+    while let Some(arg) = args.next() {
+        #[allow(irrefutable_let_patterns)]
+        if let arg = arg.trim_start()
+            && arg.starts_with('-')
+        {
+            match arg {
+                "-h" | "--help" => {
+                    return Err("
+Arguments: [option1] [option2] [...] [bind1] [wire0] [wire1] [...] [bind2] [wire3] [...] [...]
+
+
+Options:
+
+`-h, --help`        Print this text and exit.
+`-v, --verbose`     Output more stuff. Can be used multiple times.
+`--verbosity <n>`   Same as specifying `-v` n times.
+
+
+Binds and Wires (non-option arguments):
+
+Binds are specified as `<protocol>@<arguments>` or `<name>=<protocol>@<arguments>`.
+Wires can be `<name>`, `<protocol>:<arguments>` or `<name>=<protocol>:<arguments>`.
+Wires belong to the last bind before the wire. Just `<name>` means reusing another bind or wire.
+For each bind, `wsudp` will accept (but not receive data from) connections.
+Data received on a connection will be sent to its wires if at least one is present.
+Data received from the first wire, if present, will be sent to the connection.
+
+
+Protocols:
+
+`tcp` - bind/wire for TCP.
+note: accepts addresses as `<ipv4>:<port>`, `[<ipv6>]:<port>` or `<hostname>:<port>`.
+bind: binds to the given address (e.g. `[::1]:8001`) and accepts connections.
+wire: connects to the given address if a process is accepting connections on it.
+
+`udp` - bind/wire for UDP.
+note: accepts addresses as `<ipv4>:<port>`, `[<ipv6>]:<port>`, or `<hostname>:<port>`.
+  unlike most protocols here, udp may drop packets. non-udp programs generally
+  don't handle this well and may fail in some way when it happens.
+  tcp->udp->tcp can break things, udp->tcp->udp works but is slower.
+bind: binds to the given address (e.g. `[::1]:8001`) and receives packets.
+  since UDP doesn't have connections, messages from the same source address
+  are considered being from the same connection. if a source is idle for
+  too long and then sends messages again, this may be considered a new connection.
+wire: sends/receives messages to/from the specified address.
+
+`ws` - bind/wire for websocket and wire for wss
+note: accepts `<ipv4>:<port>`, `[<ipv6>]:<port>`, optionally with a `/<path>` suffix.
+bind: binds to the given address and accepts websocket connections on any path.
+wire: connects to the given address and path. prefix the address with `wss://` to use tls.
+  bind doesn't (yet) support dns lookups, but wire does. default ports are 80/443.
+
+
+Examples:
+
+Start a websocket server and connect clients to a udp socket:
+`wsudp ws@[::1]:8001 udp:[::1]:8002`
+
+Start a tcp server and connect clients to a websocket server,
+while also sending client messages to a udp socket:
+`wsudp tcp@[::1]:8001 ws:[::1]:80/api udp:127.0.0.1:8002`
+
+Start a tcp and udp server and connect clients to a websocket server:
+`wsudp tcp@[::1]:8001 web udp@[::1]:8002 web=ws:localhost:8000/socket`
+
+"
+                    .to_owned());
+                }
+                "-v" | "--verbose" => verbosity += 1,
+                "--verbosity" => {
+                    verbosity = verbosity.saturating_add(
+                        args.next()
+                            .expect("Missing arguments after `--verbosity`")
+                            .trim()
+                            .parse()
+                            .expect("Invalid data specified for `--verbosity`"),
+                    )
+                }
+                _ => return Err(format!("Unknown argument: `{arg}`")),
+            }
+        } else if let Some(i) = arg.find([':', '@']) {
+            let is_bind = &arg[i..=i] == "@";
+            if binds.is_empty() && !is_bind {
+                return Err(format!(
+                    "Found `:` instead of `@` when specifying a bind: `{arg}`"
+                ));
+            }
+            let (spec, prot) = if let Some(j) = arg[..i].rfind('=') {
+                (&arg[..j], &arg[j + 1..i])
+            } else {
+                ("", &arg[..i])
+            };
+            let arg = &arg[i + 1..];
+            if is_bind {
+                binds.push(Bind {
+                    spec: spec.to_owned(),
+                    id: None,
+                    prot: prot.to_owned(),
+                    arg: arg.to_owned(),
+                    wires: Vec::new(),
+                });
+            } else {
+                binds
+                    .last_mut()
+                    .expect("there's a check to prevent this")
+                    .wires
+                    .push(Ok(Wire {
+                        spec: spec.to_owned(),
+                        prot: prot.to_owned(),
+                        arg: arg.to_owned(),
+                    }));
+            }
+        } else if let Some(bind) = binds.last_mut() {
+            bind.wires.push(Err(Ref {
+                spec: arg.to_owned(),
+            }));
+        } else {
+            return Err(format!("Found no `@` when specifying a bind: `{arg}`"));
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(Args { verbosity, binds })
+}

src/main.rs

@@ -1,64 +1,178 @@
-use std::time::Duration;
+#![allow(dead_code)]
+mod args;
+mod routes;
+mod tcp;
+mod udp;
+mod ws;
 
-use futures_util::{SinkExt, StreamExt};
+use std::{collections::HashMap, process::ExitCode};
-use tokio::{
+
-    io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt},
+use crate::routes::Routes;
-    net::{TcpListener, TcpStream},
+
-    spawn,
+// can contain most udp packets
-    time::sleep,
+const BUF_SIZE: usize = 2048;
-};
+
-use tokio_tungstenite::tungstenite::Message;
+// TODO:
+//
+// - websocket: request path (prefix) matching,
+// - websocket: reuse one server for multiple routes
+// - udp, ...
+
+trait Wire: Sized {
+    type R: Rx;
+    type T: Tx;
+    async fn parse(arg: &str) -> Result<Self, String>;
+    /// Open a new connection. For most protocols, this assumes
+    /// that some endpoint exists to which we can try to connect.
+    /// (Unless the implementor also implements `Bind`, for this,
+    /// read the following sections and the doc of `Bind::wait()`)
+    ///
+    /// For `Bind` implementors, this either has priority over `Bind::wait()` or must return `Err(_)`.
+    /// NOTE: The order in which `Wire::open()` and `Bind::wait()` are called
+    /// is not known, as this depends on runtime circumstances.
+    async fn open(&self) -> Result<(Self::R, Self::T), String>;
+}
+trait Bind: Wire {
+    type R: Rx;
+    type T: Tx;
+    /// This will be called repeatedly to accept incoming connections.
+    ///
+    /// The implementor may simply return `Err(_)` from `Wire::open()`.
+    /// If not, the implementor must support the following:
+    /// If `Wire::open()` is called `n` times after `Bind::wait()`,
+    /// the next `n` incoming connections (in order) should be returned
+    /// from the calls to `Wire::open()` instead of `Bind::wait()`
+    async fn wait(&self) -> Result<(<Self as Bind>::R, <Self as Bind>::T), String>;
+}
+trait Rx {
+    type T<'a>: RxT;
+    async fn rx<'a>(&mut self, buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> Result<Self::T<'a>, String>;
+}
+trait Tx {
+    async fn tx(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), String>;
+}
 
 #[tokio::main(flavor = "current_thread")]
-async fn main() {
+async fn main() -> ExitCode {
-    let addr = std::env::var("TCPWS_ADDR").expect("expected env var TCPWS_ADDR");
+    let mut args = match args::args() {
-    let listener =
+        Ok(args) => args,
-        TcpListener::bind(std::env::var("TCPWS_BIND").expect("expected env var TCPWS_BIND"))
+        Err(msg) => {
-            .await
+            eprintln!("{msg}");
-            .unwrap();
+            return ExitCode::FAILURE;
-    loop {
+        }
-        if let Ok((ws, _)) = listener.accept().await {
+    };
-            if let Ok(con) = TcpStream::connect(&addr).await {
+
-                spawn(async move {
+    let mut routes = Routes::new();
-                    let (mut con_rx, mut con_tx) = con.into_split();
+    routes.config.verbosity = args.verbosity;
-                    let ws = tokio_tungstenite::accept_async(ws).await.unwrap();
+
-                    let (mut ws_tx, mut ws_rx) = ws.split();
+    if routes.config.verbosity >= 2 {
-                    spawn(async move {
+        eprintln!("[main] preparing...");
-                        loop {
+    }
-                            match ws_rx.next().await {
+
-                                Some(Ok(Message::Binary(data))) => {
+    let mut specs = HashMap::new();
-                                    con_tx.write_all(&data).await.unwrap();
+    for bind in &mut args.binds {
-                                }
+        match routes.bind(&bind.prot, &bind.arg).await {
-                                Some(Ok(Message::Text(data))) => {
+            Ok(id) => bind.id = Some(id),
-                                    con_tx.write_all(data.as_bytes()).await.unwrap();
+            Err(msg) => {
-                                }
+                eprintln!("{msg}");
-                                Some(Ok(
+                return ExitCode::FAILURE;
-                                    Message::Ping(_) | Message::Pong(_) | Message::Frame(_),
-                                )) => {}
-                                None | Some(Err(_)) | Some(Ok(Message::Close(_))) => {
-                                    con_tx.shutdown().await.ok();
-                                    break;
-                                }
-                            }
-                        }
-                    });
-                    let mut buf = [0u8; 256];
-                    loop {
-                        match con_rx.read(&mut buf).await {
-                            Err(_) | Ok(0) => {
-                                ws_tx.close().await.ok();
-                                break;
-                            }
-                            Ok(n) => ws_tx
-                                .send(Message::binary(buf[0..n].to_vec()))
-                                .await
-                                .unwrap(),
-                        }
-                    }
-                });
             }
-        } else {
-            sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)).await;
         }
     }
+    for bind in &args.binds {
+        if !bind.spec.is_empty() && specs.insert(bind.spec.as_str(), bind.id.unwrap()).is_some() {
+            eprintln!("Duplicate definition for `{}`", bind.spec);
+            return ExitCode::FAILURE;
+        }
+    }
+    for (bind, wire) in args.binds.iter().flat_map(|bind| {
+        let id = bind.id.expect("set in a previous loop");
+        bind.wires
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|w| w.as_ref().ok())
+            .map(move |w| (id, w))
+    }) {
+        match routes.wire(&wire.prot, &wire.arg).await {
+            Ok(id) => {
+                if !wire.spec.is_empty() && specs.insert(wire.spec.as_str(), id).is_some() {
+                    eprintln!("Duplicate definition for `{}`", wire.spec);
+                    return ExitCode::FAILURE;
+                }
+                match routes.pipe(bind, id) {
+                    Ok(()) => {}
+                    Err(msg) => {
+                        eprintln!("{msg}");
+                        return ExitCode::FAILURE;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Err(msg) => {
+                eprintln!("{msg}");
+                return ExitCode::FAILURE;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    for (bind, wire) in args.binds.iter().flat_map(|bind| {
+        let id = bind.id.expect("set in a previous loop");
+        bind.wires
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|w| w.as_ref().err())
+            .map(move |w| (id, w))
+    }) {
+        if let Some(wire) = specs.get(&wire.spec.as_str()) {
+            match routes.pipe(bind, *wire) {
+                Ok(()) => {}
+                Err(msg) => {
+                    eprintln!("{msg}");
+                    return ExitCode::FAILURE;
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            if wire.spec.is_empty() {
+                eprintln!("Empty string `` is not a valid name");
+            } else {
+                eprintln!("No definition for `{}`", wire.spec);
+            }
+            return ExitCode::FAILURE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if routes.config.verbosity >= 1 {
+        eprintln!("[main] running.");
+    }
+
+    for task in routes.execute().await {
+        if let Err(e) = task.await {
+            eprintln!("[ERR] {e}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    eprintln!("[main] goodbye");
+
+    ExitCode::SUCCESS
+}
+
+trait RxT {
+    fn buf(&self) -> &[u8];
+}
+impl RxT for Vec<u8> {
+    fn buf(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        &self[..]
+    }
+}
+impl RxT for &[u8] {
+    fn buf(&self) -> &[u8] {
+        self
+    }
+}
+impl<T: Rx> Rx for &mut T {
+    type T<'a> = T::T<'a>;
+    async fn rx<'a>(&mut self, buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> Result<Self::T<'a>, String> {
+        (*self).rx(buf).await
+    }
+}
+impl<T: Tx> Tx for &mut T {
+    async fn tx(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), String> {
+        (*self).tx(buf).await
+    }
 }

src/routes.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use tokio::task::spawn;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Default)]
+pub struct Config {
+    pub verbosity: u8,
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct Routes {
+    pub config: Config,
+    binds: Binds,
+    wires: Wires,
+    state: State,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct Prot(ProtType, bool);
+macro_rules! protocols {
+    ($($p:ident:$t:ident),*) => {
+        #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+        pub enum ProtType {
+            $($t,)*
+        }
+        pub enum ProtRx {
+            $($t($crate::$p::Rx),)*
+        }
+        pub enum ProtTx {
+            $($t($crate::$p::Tx),)*
+        }
+        #[derive(Default)]
+        struct Binds {
+            $($p: Bind<$crate::$p::Bind>,)*
+        }
+        #[derive(Default)]
+        struct Wires {
+            $($p: Wire<$crate::$p::Wire>,)*
+        }
+        #[derive(Default)]
+        struct State {
+            $($p: $crate::$p::State,)*
+        }
+        use $crate::{Rx, Tx};
+        impl Tx for ProtTx {
+            async fn tx(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), String> {
+                match self {
+                    $(
+                        ProtTx::$t($crate::$p::Tx::Wait(tx)) => tx.tx(buf).await,
+                        ProtTx::$t($crate::$p::Tx::Bind(tx)) => tx.tx(buf).await,
+                        ProtTx::$t($crate::$p::Tx::Wire(tx)) => tx.tx(buf).await,
+                    )*
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        async fn prot_fwd(r: &mut ProtRx, tx: &mut impl Tx) -> Result<bool, String> {
+            use $crate::{BUF_SIZE, RxT};
+            match r {
+                $(
+                    ProtRx::$t($crate::$p::Rx::Wait(r)) => {
+                        let mut buf = [0u8; BUF_SIZE];
+                        let buf = r.rx(&mut buf).await?;
+                        let buf = buf.buf();
+                        if buf.is_empty() {
+                            return Ok(false);
+                        }
+                        tx.tx(buf).await?;
+                    }
+                    ProtRx::$t($crate::$p::Rx::Bind(r)) => {
+                        let mut buf = [0u8; BUF_SIZE];
+                        let buf = r.rx(&mut buf).await?;
+                        let buf = buf.buf();
+                        if buf.is_empty() {
+                            return Ok(false);
+                        }
+                        tx.tx(buf).await?;
+                    }
+                    ProtRx::$t($crate::$p::Rx::Wire(r)) => {
+                        let mut buf = [0u8; BUF_SIZE];
+                        let buf = r.rx(&mut buf).await?;
+                        let buf = buf.buf();
+                        if buf.is_empty() {
+                            return Ok(false);
+                        }
+                        tx.tx(buf).await?;
+                    }
+                ,)*
+            }
+            Ok(true)
+        }
+        async fn prot_drop(r: &mut ProtRx) -> Result<bool, String> {
+            use $crate::{BUF_SIZE, RxT};
+            match r {
+                $(
+                    ProtRx::$t($crate::$p::Rx::Wait(r)) => {
+                        r.rx(&mut [0u8; BUF_SIZE]).await.map(|buf| !buf.buf().is_empty())
+                    }
+                    ProtRx::$t($crate::$p::Rx::Bind(r)) => {
+                        r.rx(&mut [0u8; BUF_SIZE]).await.map(|buf| !buf.buf().is_empty())
+                    }
+                    ProtRx::$t($crate::$p::Rx::Wire(r)) => {
+                        r.rx(&mut [0u8; BUF_SIZE]).await.map(|buf| !buf.buf().is_empty())
+                    }
+                )*
+            }
+        }
+        impl Routes {
+            pub fn has(&self, id: (Prot, usize)) -> bool {
+                match (id.0.wire(), id.0.prot()) {
+                    $((true, ProtType::$t) => self.wires.$p.get(id.1).is_some(),
+                    (false, ProtType::$t) => self.binds.$p.get(id.1).is_some(),)*
+                }
+            }
+            pub async fn bind(
+                &mut self,
+                prot: impl AsRef<str>,
+                arg: impl AsRef<str>,
+            ) -> Result<(Prot, usize), String> {
+                use $crate::Wire;
+                match prot.as_ref().to_lowercase().as_str() {
+                    $(stringify!($p) => {
+                        let bind = crate::$p::Bind::parse(arg.as_ref()).await?;
+                        Ok((ProtType::$t.bind(), self.binds.$p.add(bind)))
+                    },)*
+                    _ => return Err(format!("unknown/unsupported protocol: `{}`", prot.as_ref())),
+                }
+            }
+            pub async fn wire(
+                &mut self,
+                prot: impl AsRef<str>,
+                arg: impl AsRef<str>,
+            ) -> Result<(Prot, usize), String> {
+                use $crate::Wire;
+                match prot.as_ref().to_lowercase().as_str() {
+                    $(stringify!($p) => {
+                        let wire = crate::$p::Wire::parse(arg.as_ref()).await?;
+                        Ok((ProtType::$t.wire(), self.wires.$p.add(wire)))
+                    },)*
+                    _ => return Err(format!("unknown/unsupported protocol: `{}`", prot.as_ref())),
+                }
+            }
+            pub fn pipe(&mut self, bind: (Prot, usize), wire: (Prot, usize)) -> Result<(), String> {
+                if !bind.0.bind() {
+                    Err("can't pipe data from a wire (:), you need to use a bind (@).")?;
+                }
+                if !self.has(wire) {
+                    Err("internal error: bad wire index")?;
+                }
+                match bind.0.prot() {
+                    $(ProtType::$t => self.binds
+                            .$p
+                            .pipe(bind.1, wire)
+                            .ok_or("internal error: bad bind index")?,)*
+                }
+                Ok(())
+            }
+            pub async fn execute(self) -> Vec<tokio::task::JoinHandle<()>> {
+                use $crate::{Bind, Rx, Tx, RxT, BUF_SIZE};
+                let mut tasks = Vec::new();
+                let config = self.config;
+                let routes = Arc::new(self);
+                $({
+                    for i in 0..routes.binds.$p.0.len() {
+                        let routes = Arc::clone(&routes);
+                        tasks.push(spawn(async move {
+                            let (bind, _) = &routes.binds.$p.0[i];
+                            while let Ok((mut rx, mut tx)) = bind.wait().await {
+                                if config.verbosity >= 2 {
+                                    eprintln!("[binds] new connection.");
+                                }
+                                let routes = Arc::clone(&routes);
+                                spawn(async move {
+                                    let (_, wires) = &routes.binds.$p.0[i];
+                                    // connect all wires
+                                    let mut rxs = Vec::new();
+                                    let mut txs = Vec::new();
+                                    if config.verbosity >= 3 {
+                                        eprintln!("[wires] connecting...");
+                                    }
+                                    for (j, wire) in wires.iter().enumerate() {
+                                        match routes.wire_open(*wire).await {
+                                            Ok((r, t)) => {
+                                                rxs.push(r);
+                                                txs.push(t);
+                                            }
+                                            Err(e) => if config.verbosity >= if j == 0 { 1 } else { 3 } {
+                                                eprintln!("[wires] failed to connect: {e}");
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                    if config.verbosity >= 2 {
+                                        eprintln!("[wires] connected to {}/{} wires.", txs.len(), wires.len());
+                                    }
+                                    // forward data to all wires
+                                    spawn(async move {
+                                        let mut buf = [0u8; BUF_SIZE];
+                                        let mut any_ok = 1;
+                                        while any_ok > 0 {
+                                            any_ok = 0;
+                                            let buf = rx.rx(&mut buf).await?;
+                                            let buf = buf.buf();
+                                            if buf.is_empty() {
+                                                break;
+                                            }
+                                            for t in &mut txs {
+                                                if t.tx(buf).await.is_ok() {
+                                                    any_ok += 1;
+                                                }
+                                            }
+                                            if config.verbosity >= 4 {
+                                                eprintln!("[wires] forwarded {} bytes through {}/{} wires.", buf.len(), any_ok, txs.len());
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                        Ok::<(), String>(())
+                                    });
+                                    // get the first wire
+                                    rxs.reverse();
+                                    let r = rxs.pop();
+                                    // drop data from other wires
+                                    spawn(async move {
+                                        let mut any_ok = true;
+                                        while any_ok {
+                                            any_ok = false;
+                                            for r in &mut rxs {
+                                                if let Ok(true) = prot_drop(r).await {
+                                                    any_ok = true;
+                                                }
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    });
+                                    // forward data from first wire
+                                    if let Some(mut r) = r {
+                                        while let Ok(true) = prot_fwd(&mut r, &mut tx).await {
+                                            if config.verbosity >= 4 {
+                                                eprintln!("[wires] forwarded response.");
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }));
+                    }
+                })*
+                tasks
+            }
+            async fn wire_open(&self, id: (Prot, usize)) -> Result<(ProtRx, ProtTx), String> {
+                use $crate::Wire;
+                Ok(match (id.0.wire(), id.0.prot()) {
+                    $((true, ProtType::$t) => {
+                        let (r, t) = self.wires.$p.get(id.1).unwrap().open().await?;
+                        (ProtRx::$t($crate::$p::Rx::Wire(r)), ProtTx::$t($crate::$p::Tx::Wire(t)))
+                    }
+                    (false, ProtType::$t) => {
+                        let (r, t) = self.binds.$p.get(id.1).unwrap().open().await?;
+                        (ProtRx::$t($crate::$p::Rx::Bind(r)), ProtTx::$t($crate::$p::Tx::Bind(t)))
+                    }
+                )*})
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+protocols!(tcp:Tcp, udp:Udp, ws:Ws);
+
+struct Bind<T>(Vec<(T, Vec<(Prot, usize)>)>);
+struct Wire<T>(Vec<(T,)>);
+
+impl Routes {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> Bind<T> {
+    fn get(&self, id: usize) -> Option<&T> {
+        self.0.get(id).map(|(t, _)| t)
+    }
+    fn get_mut(&mut self, id: usize) -> Option<&mut T> {
+        self.0.get_mut(id).map(|(t, _)| t)
+    }
+    fn add(&mut self, bind: T) -> usize {
+        self.0.push((bind, Vec::new()));
+        self.0.len() - 1
+    }
+    fn pipe(&mut self, id: usize, wire: (Prot, usize)) -> Option<()> {
+        let (_, pipes) = self.0.get_mut(id)?;
+        pipes.push(wire);
+        Some(())
+    }
+}
+impl<T> Wire<T> {
+    fn get(&self, id: usize) -> Option<&T> {
+        self.0.get(id).map(|(t,)| t)
+    }
+    fn get_mut(&mut self, id: usize) -> Option<&mut T> {
+        self.0.get_mut(id).map(|(t,)| t)
+    }
+    fn add(&mut self, wire: T) -> usize {
+        self.0.push((wire,));
+        self.0.len() - 1
+    }
+}
+
+impl ProtType {
+    fn bind(self) -> Prot {
+        Prot(self, false)
+    }
+    fn wire(self) -> Prot {
+        Prot(self, true)
+    }
+}
+impl Prot {
+    fn prot(&self) -> ProtType {
+        self.0
+    }
+    fn bind(&self) -> bool {
+        !self.1
+    }
+    fn wire(&self) -> bool {
+        self.1
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> Default for Bind<T> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self(Vec::new())
+    }
+}
+impl<T> Default for Wire<T> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self(Vec::new())
+    }
+}

src/tcp.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+use tokio::{
+    io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt},
+    net::{
+        TcpListener, TcpStream,
+        tcp::{OwnedReadHalf, OwnedWriteHalf},
+    },
+};
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct State;
+
+pub struct Bind(TcpListener);
+
+pub struct Wire(String);
+
+pub enum Rx {
+    Wait(Rx1),
+    Bind(Rx1),
+    Wire(Rx1),
+}
+pub enum Tx {
+    Wait(Tx1),
+    Bind(Tx1),
+    Wire(Tx1),
+}
+pub struct Rx1(OwnedReadHalf);
+pub struct Tx1(OwnedWriteHalf);
+
+impl crate::Bind for Bind {
+    type R = Rx1;
+    type T = Tx1;
+    async fn wait(&self) -> Result<(<Self as crate::Bind>::R, <Self as crate::Bind>::T), String> {
+        let (con, _) = self
+            .0
+            .accept()
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("[tcp] accepting a new connection failed: {e}"))?;
+        let (rx, tx) = con.into_split();
+        Ok((Rx1(rx), Tx1(tx)))
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Wire for Bind {
+    type R = Rx1;
+    type T = Tx1;
+    async fn parse(arg: &str) -> Result<Self, String> {
+        let addr = arg;
+        Ok(Self(TcpListener::bind(addr).await.map_err(|e| {
+            format!("[tcp] binding to `{addr}` failed: {e}")
+        })?))
+    }
+    async fn open(&self) -> Result<(Self::R, Self::T), String> {
+        Err("using binds as wires is not (yet) supported for tcp".to_owned())
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Wire for Wire {
+    type R = Rx1;
+    type T = Tx1;
+    async fn parse(arg: &str) -> Result<Self, String> {
+        Ok(Self(arg.to_owned()))
+    }
+    async fn open(&self) -> Result<(Self::R, Self::T), String> {
+        let (rx, tx) = TcpStream::connect(&self.0)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("[tcp] connecting to `{}` failed: {e}", &self.0))?
+            .into_split();
+        Ok((Rx1(rx), Tx1(tx)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl crate::Rx for Rx1 {
+    type T<'a> = &'a [u8];
+
+    async fn rx<'a>(&mut self, buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> Result<Self::T<'a>, String> {
+        let i = self
+            .0
+            .read(buf)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("[tcp] reading bytes failed: {e}"))?;
+        Ok(&buf[..i])
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Tx for Tx1 {
+    async fn tx(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), String> {
+        self.0
+            .write_all(buf)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("[tcp] writing bytes failed: {e}"))
+    }
+}

src/udp.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+use std::{
+    collections::{HashMap, VecDeque},
+    net::SocketAddr,
+    sync::Arc,
+};
+
+use tokio::{
+    net::UdpSocket,
+    spawn,
+    sync::{
+        Mutex, Notify,
+        mpsc::{Receiver, Sender},
+    },
+    time::Instant,
+};
+
+use crate::BUF_SIZE;
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct State;
+
+pub struct Bind(
+    Arc<UdpSocket>,
+    #[allow(clippy::type_complexity)]
+    Arc<
+        Mutex<(
+            VecDeque<(SocketAddr, Receiver<Vec<u8>>)>,
+            HashMap<SocketAddr, (Sender<Vec<u8>>, u8, Instant)>,
+        )>,
+    >,
+    Arc<Notify>,
+);
+
+pub struct Wire(String);
+
+pub enum Rx {
+    Wait(Rx1),
+    Bind(Rx3),
+    Wire(Rx3),
+}
+pub enum Tx {
+    Wait(Tx1),
+    Bind(Tx3),
+    Wire(Tx3),
+}
+pub struct Rx1(Receiver<Vec<u8>>);
+pub struct Tx1(Arc<UdpSocket>, SocketAddr);
+pub struct Rx3(Arc<UdpSocket>);
+pub struct Tx3(Arc<UdpSocket>);
+
+impl crate::Bind for Bind {
+    type R = Rx1;
+    type T = Tx1;
+    async fn wait(&self) -> Result<(<Self as crate::Bind>::R, <Self as crate::Bind>::T), String> {
+        let (addr, recv) = loop {
+            self.2.notified().await;
+            let mut lock = self.1.lock().await;
+            if let Some((addr, recv)) = lock.0.pop_front() {
+                if !lock.0.is_empty() {
+                    self.2.notify_one();
+                }
+                break (addr, recv);
+            }
+        };
+        Ok((Rx1(recv), Tx1(Arc::clone(&self.0), addr)))
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Wire for Bind {
+    type R = Rx3;
+    type T = Tx3;
+    async fn parse(arg: &str) -> Result<Self, String> {
+        let addr = arg;
+        let socket = Arc::new(
+            UdpSocket::bind(addr)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| format!("[udp] binding socket to `{addr}` failed: {e}"))?,
+        );
+        let data = Arc::new(Mutex::new(Default::default()));
+        let notify = Arc::new(Notify::new());
+        let out = Self(Arc::clone(&socket), Arc::clone(&data), Arc::clone(&notify));
+        spawn(async move {
+            let mut i = 0u32;
+            loop {
+                i += 1;
+                let cleanup = i > 10000;
+                if cleanup {
+                    i = 0;
+                }
+                let mut buf = [0u8; BUF_SIZE];
+                if let Ok((i, addr)) = socket.recv_from(&mut buf).await {
+                    let mut lock = data.lock().await;
+                    let (queue, map) = &mut *lock;
+                    let mut now = None;
+                    if cleanup {
+                        let now = *now.get_or_insert_with(Instant::now);
+                        map.retain(|_, (_, _, last_active)| (now - *last_active).as_secs() < 1000);
+                    }
+                    map.entry(addr)
+                        .and_modify(|(send, counter, time)| {
+                            if send.try_send(Vec::from(&buf[..i])).is_ok() {
+                                *counter += 1;
+                                if cleanup || *counter > 100 {
+                                    *counter = 0;
+                                    *time = *now.get_or_insert_with(Instant::now);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        })
+                        .or_insert_with(|| {
+                            let (send, recv) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(4096);
+                            queue.push_back((addr, recv));
+                            notify.notify_one();
+                            send.try_send(Vec::from(&buf[..i])).ok();
+                            (send, 0, Instant::now())
+                        });
+                } else {
+                    break;
+                };
+            }
+        });
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+    async fn open(&self) -> Result<(Self::R, Self::T), String> {
+        Err("using binds as wires is not (yet) supported for udp".to_owned())
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Wire for Wire {
+    type R = Rx3;
+    type T = Tx3;
+    async fn parse(arg: &str) -> Result<Self, String> {
+        Ok(Self(arg.to_owned()))
+    }
+    async fn open(&self) -> Result<(Self::R, Self::T), String> {
+        let socket = UdpSocket::bind("[::]:0")
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("[udp] binding wire failed: {e}"))?;
+        socket
+            .connect(&self.0)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("[udp] connecting to `{}` failed: {e}", &self.0))?;
+        let socket = Arc::new(socket);
+        Ok((Rx3(Arc::clone(&socket)), Tx3(socket)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl crate::Rx for Rx1 {
+    type T<'a> = Vec<u8>;
+
+    async fn rx<'a>(&mut self, _buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> Result<Self::T<'a>, String> {
+        self.0
+            .recv()
+            .await
+            .ok_or_else(|| "[udp] receiving message failed, channel closed".to_owned())
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Tx for Tx1 {
+    async fn tx(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let mut n = 0;
+        while n < buf.len() {
+            n += self
+                .0
+                .send_to(&buf[n..], &self.1)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| format!("[udp] sending message failed: {e}"))?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Rx for Rx3 {
+    type T<'a> = &'a [u8];
+
+    async fn rx<'a>(&mut self, buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> Result<Self::T<'a>, String> {
+        let i = self
+            .0
+            .recv(buf)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("[udp] receiving message failed: {e}"))?;
+        Ok(&buf[..i])
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Tx for Tx3 {
+    async fn tx(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let mut n = 0;
+        while n < buf.len() {
+            n += self
+                .0
+                .send(&buf[n..])
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| format!("[udp] sending message failed: {e}"))?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

src/ws.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+use std::net::SocketAddr;
+
+use futures_util::{
+    SinkExt, StreamExt,
+    stream::{SplitSink, SplitStream},
+};
+use tokio::{
+    net::TcpStream,
+    spawn,
+    sync::{Mutex, mpsc::Receiver},
+};
+use tokio_tungstenite::{MaybeTlsStream, WebSocketStream, tungstenite::Message};
+use warp::{
+    Filter,
+    filters::ws::{Message as WsMessage, WebSocket},
+};
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct State;
+
+pub struct Bind(Mutex<Receiver<WebSocket>>);
+
+pub struct Wire(String);
+
+pub enum Rx {
+    Wait(Rx1),
+    Bind(Rx1),
+    Wire(Rx3),
+}
+pub enum Tx {
+    Wait(Tx1),
+    Bind(Tx1),
+    Wire(Tx3),
+}
+pub struct Rx1(SplitStream<WebSocket>);
+pub struct Tx1(SplitSink<WebSocket, WsMessage>);
+pub struct Rx3(SplitStream<WebSocketStream<MaybeTlsStream<TcpStream>>>);
+pub struct Tx3(SplitSink<WebSocketStream<MaybeTlsStream<TcpStream>>, Message>);
+
+impl crate::Bind for Bind {
+    type R = Rx1;
+    type T = Tx1;
+    async fn wait(&self) -> Result<(<Self as crate::Bind>::R, <Self as crate::Bind>::T), String> {
+        let con = self
+            .0
+            .lock()
+            .await
+            .recv()
+            .await
+            .ok_or("[ws] no new connections (sender gone)")?;
+        let (tx, rx) = con.split();
+        Ok((Rx1(rx), Tx1(tx)))
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Wire for Bind {
+    type R = Rx1;
+    type T = Tx1;
+    async fn parse(arg: &str) -> Result<Self, String> {
+        let (addr, _path) = arg.split_once('/').unwrap_or((arg, ""));
+        let (send, recv) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel(32);
+        let routes = warp::ws().map(move |ws: warp::ws::Ws| {
+            let send = send.clone();
+            ws.on_upgrade(async move |websocket| {
+                send.send(websocket).await.ok();
+            })
+        });
+        let addr = addr
+            .parse::<SocketAddr>()
+            .map_err(|e| format!("[ws] couldn't parse address `{addr}`: {e}"))?;
+        spawn(warp::serve(routes).run(addr));
+        Ok(Self(Mutex::new(recv)))
+    }
+    async fn open(&self) -> Result<(Self::R, Self::T), String> {
+        Err("using binds as wires is not (yet) supported for tcp".to_owned())
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Wire for Wire {
+    type R = Rx3;
+    type T = Tx3;
+    async fn parse(arg: &str) -> Result<Self, String> {
+        Ok(Self(arg.to_owned()))
+    }
+    async fn open(&self) -> Result<(Self::R, Self::T), String> {
+        let arg = self.0.as_str();
+        let pre = if arg.starts_with("ws://") || arg.starts_with("wss://") {
+            ""
+        } else {
+            "ws://"
+        };
+        let (ws, _) = tokio_tungstenite::connect_async(format!("{pre}{arg}"))
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("[ws] connecting to `{pre}{arg}` failed: {e}"))?;
+        let (tx, rx) = ws.split();
+        Ok((Rx3(rx), Tx3(tx)))
+    }
+}
+
+impl crate::Rx for Rx1 {
+    type T<'a> = Vec<u8>;
+
+    async fn rx<'a>(&mut self, _buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> Result<Self::T<'a>, String> {
+        loop {
+            break match self.0.next().await {
+                None => Ok(Vec::new()),
+                Some(Ok(message)) => {
+                    let bytes = message.into_bytes().to_vec();
+                    if bytes.is_empty() {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    Ok(bytes)
+                }
+                Some(Err(e)) => Err(format!("[ws] receiving message failed: {e}")),
+            };
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Tx for Tx1 {
+    async fn tx(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), String> {
+        self.0
+            .send(WsMessage::binary(buf.to_vec()))
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("[ws] writing bytes failed: {e}"))
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Rx for Rx3 {
+    type T<'a> = Vec<u8>;
+
+    async fn rx<'a>(&mut self, _buf: &'a mut [u8]) -> Result<Self::T<'a>, String> {
+        loop {
+            break match self.0.next().await {
+                None => Ok(Vec::new()),
+                Some(Ok(message)) => {
+                    let bytes = message.into_data().to_vec();
+                    if bytes.is_empty() {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    Ok(bytes)
+                }
+                Some(Err(e)) => Err(format!("[ws] receiving message failed: {e}")),
+            };
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl crate::Tx for Tx3 {
+    async fn tx(&mut self, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<(), String> {
+        self.0
+            .send(Message::binary(buf.to_vec()))
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("[ws] writing bytes failed: {e}"))
+    }
+}